The Swedish parliament voted in favour of Monday's law allowing authorities to withdraw the residence permits of migrants due to poor conduct.
To have unpaid debts, to be employed in uninsured work or to have relationships with extremist organizations, constitutes "bad conduct".
The law, which covers pending permits, but also retroactively the authorisations already issued, is part of a wider tightening up of immigration legislation by the right-wing government and the party supporting it, the nationalist Swedish Democrats, with a view to the September parliamentary elections.
The law has been criticised by opposition and human rights organisations as arbitrary, because decisions will be taken on the basis of non-criminal behaviour.
"The law on good conduct leaves people in insecurity about what actions or expressions can be used against them," said the Stockholm-based Civil Rights Defenders organization in an announcement. He added that "it undermines the rule of law and the principle of equality before the law".
The government, which won the 2022 election with promise to reduce migration and suppress crime, has said that people who stray or commit crimes are not welcome.
The law does not specify what kind of behaviour is considered unacceptable, but the government has referred to unpaid debts, non-payment of taxes, crime and connections with extremist organisations. The Immigration Service is entrusted with the duty to review permits, while the right to appeal before a migration court is recognised.
"Anyone who does not try to do the right thing should not take for granted that he will remain," Immigration Minister Johann Forsel said when he presented the bill in March.